Brotherhoods of Color

Black Railroad Workers and the Struggle for Equality

Eric Arnesen

Prologue

1. Race in the First Century of American Railroading

2. Promise and Failure in the World War I Era

3. The Black Wedge of Civil Rights Unionism

4. Independent Black Unionism in Depression and War

5. The Rise of the Red Caps

6. The Politics of Fair Employment

7. The Politics of Fair Representation

8. Black Railroaders in the Modern Era

Conclusion

Notes

Acknowledgments

Index