Many Thousands Gone

The First Two Centuries of Slavery in North America

Ira Berlin

Prologue: Making Slavery, Making Race

Societies with Slaves: The Charter Generations

Emergence of Atlantic Creoles in the Chesapeake

Expansion of Creole Society in the North

Divergent Paths in the Lowcountry

Devolution in the Lower Mississippi Valley

Slave Societies: The Plantation Generations

The Tobacco Revolution in the Chesapeake

The Rice Revolution in the Lowcountry

Growth and the Transformation of Black Life in the North

Stagnation and Transformation in the Lower Mississippi Valley

Slave and Free: The Revolutionary Generations

The Slow Death of Slavery in the North

The Union of African-American Society in the Upper South

Fragmentation in the Lower South

Slavery and Freedom in the Lower Mississippi Valley

Epilogue: Making Race, Making Slavery

Tables

Abbreviations

Notes

Acknowledgments

Index