Scale and Scope

The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism

Alfred D. Chandler, Jr.

PART I

Introduction: Scale and Scope

1. The Modem Industrial Enterprise

2. Scale, Scope, and Organizational Capabilities

The New Institution

Historical Attributes

Economies of Scale and Scope in Production

Economies of Scale and Scope in Distribution

Building the Integrative Hierarchy

First-Mover Advantages and Oligopolistic Competition

Continuing Growth of the Modern Enterprise

Horizontal and Vertical Combination

Geographical Expansion and Product Diversification

The Modern Enterprise in Labor-Intensive Industries

PART II

The United States: Competitive Managerial Capitalism