America's China Trade in Historical Perspective

The Chinese and American Performance

Edited by Ernest R. May

Edited by John King Fairbank

    Foreword
    Ernest R. May

    Introduction: Patterns and Problems
    John K. Fairbank

    PART ONE: CHINA'S MAJOR EXPORT TRADES

    Chinese Teas to America--A Synopsis
    Yen-Ping Hao

    Direct Trade without Diplomacy 1784-1843
    Trade Under the Treaty System 1844-1895
    Trade Mechanics
    Consequences for Economic Development

    The Boom Years of the Pukien Tea Trade, 1842-1888
    Robert P. Gardella

    Fukien's Opening to Foreign Trade, 1842-1855
    Organizing the Tea Trade
    Impact of the Tea Export Boom on the Fukien Economy
    The Effect Upon Provincial Government Finance
    The Competition of Tea Plantations Abroad

    The Silk Export Trade and Economic Modernization in China and Japan
    Lillian M. Li

    The Modem Role of Silk Exports
    Characteristics of Silk Technology
    The Chinese Pattern of Development
    The Japanese Pattern of Development
    Urban-Rural Integration
    Commercial Institutions and Practices

    PART TWO: AMERICAN IMPORTS INTO CHINA

    The Chinese-American Cotton-Textile Trade, 1830-1930
    Kang Chao

    Characteristics of the American Cotton-Textile Industry
    Quality and Price of American Cotton Cloth
    Trade Organizations and Marketing Techniques
    How the Market Was Lost

    The East Asian "Textile Cluster" Trade, 1868-1973: A Comparative-Advantage Interpretation
    Bruce L. Reynolds

    Two Approaches
    Some Characteristics of Textiles
    Trade Data: Preliminary Observations
    International Competition in Textile Cluster Trade

    Commercial Penetration and Economic Imperialism in China: An American Cigarette Company's Entrance into the Market
    Sherman Cochran

    An American Multinational Corporation in China
    The Role of the Chinese in BAT
    East Asian Opposition to BAT
    Commercial Penetration and Economic Imperialism

    The United States Petroleum Trade with China, 1876-1949
    Chu-Yuan Cheng

    Trends in China's Petroleum Imports
    The Changing Role of American Oil Companies
    Marketing and Distributing Systems
    Major Economic Effects

    PART THREE: PERSPECTIVES ON TRADE AND INVESTMENT

    The Minor Significance of Commercial Relations Between the United States and China, 1850-1931
    Peter Schran

    The Relative Importance of Foreign Trade
    The Relative Importance of Bilateral Trade
    The Relative Importance of Trade in Specific Commodities

    The Impacts of American Multinational Enterprise on American-Chinese Economic Relations, 1786-1949
    Mira Wilkins

    American Firms in China Trade and Manufacturing
    American Multinationals' Direct Marketing in China
    China Trade Corporations of American Residents in China
    American Nonindustrial Enterprises in China
    American Investments in China

    Notes

    Bibliography

    Glossary

    Index

  • Cover: America's China Trade in Historical Perspective

Ernest R. May was Charles Warren Professor of History at Harvard University and Director of the Intelligence Policy Program at Harvard's Kennedy School of Government.

John King Fairbank was Francis Lee Higginson Professor of History and Director of the East Asian Research Center at Harvard University.