Acknowledgments

Introduction: A Textual Theory of Foreign Affairs Law

Part I: Sources of National Power

1. Do Foreign Affairs Powers Come from the Constitution? Curtiss--Wright and the Myth of Inherent Powers

2. Foreign Affairs and the Articles of Confederation: The Constitution in Context

Part II: Presidential Power in Foreign Affairs

3. The Steel Seizure Case and the Executive Power over Foreign Affairs

4. Executive Foreign Affairs Power and the Washington Administration

5. Steel Seizure Revisited: The Limits of Executive Power

6. Executive Power and Its Critics

Part III: Shared Powers of the Senate

7. The Executive Senate: Treaties and Appointments

8. Goldwater v. Carter: Do Treaties Bind the President?

9. The Non-Treaty Power: Executive Agreements and United States v. Belmont

Part IV: Congress's Foreign Affairs Powers

10. Legislative Power in Foreign Affairs: Why NAFTA Is (Sort of) Unconstitutional

11. The Meanings of Declaring War

12. Beyond Declaring War: War Powers of Congress and the President

Part V: States and Foreign Affairs

13. Can States Have Foreign Policies? Zschernig v. Miller and the Limits of Framers' Intent

14. States versus the President: The Holocaust Insurance Case

15. Missouri v. Holland and the Seventeenth Amendment

Part VI: Courts and Foreign Affairs

16. Judging Foreign Affairs: Goldwater v. Carter Revisited

17. The Paquete Habana: Is International Law Part of Our Law?

18. Courts and Presidents in Foreign Affairs

Conclusion: Text as Law in Foreign Affairs

Notes

Index

Michael D. Ramsey is Professor of Law, University of San Diego School of Law.