Russia had an extraordinary twentieth century, undergoing upheaval and transformation. Updating his acclaimed History of Twentieth-Century Russia through 2002, Robert Service provides a panoramic perspective on a country whose Soviet past encompassed revolution, civil war, mass terror, and two world wars. He shows how seven decades of communist rule, which penetrated every aspect of Soviet life, continue to influence Russia today. This new edition also discusses continuing economic and social difficulties at the beginning of the twenty-first century, the military campaign in Chechnya, and Russia's reduced role on the world stage.

Robert Service is a Fellow of the British Academy and Professor of Russian History at Oxford University. From 2004 to 2006 he was Tad and Diane Taube Distinguished Visiting Scholar at the Hoover Institution.

Other HUP Books by Robert Service

• A History of Twentieth-Century Russia
• Lenin: A Biography
• Russia: Experiment with a People
• Stalin: A Biography
• Comrades! A History of World Communism