Groups and Definitions

Acadians
Marietta M. LeBreton

Afghans
David C. Champagne

Africans

Afro-Americans
Thomas C. Holt

Albanians

Aleuts
Dorothy M. Jones

Alsatians
Frederick C. Luebke

American Indians
Edward H. Spicer

Amish
John A. Hostetler

Anglo-American

Anglo-Saxon

Appalachians
Dwight Billings and David Walls

Arabs
Alixa Naff

Armenians
Robert Mirak

Aryan

Asian

Assyrians
Arian B. Ishaya and Eden Naby

Australians and New Zealanders
Andrew Parkin

Austrians
Frederick C. Luebke

Azerbaijanis
Alexandre Bennigsen

Bangladeshi
Enayetur Rahim

Basques
William A. Douglass

Belgians
Pierre-Henri Laurent

Belorussians
Paul Robert Magocsi

Bosnian Muslims
William G. Lockwood

Bulgarians
Nikolay G. Altankov

Burmese

Canadians, British
Alan A. Brookes

Cape Verdeans
Francis M. Rogers

Carpatho-Rusyns
Paul Robert Magocsi

Central and South Americans
Ann Orlov and Reed Ueda

Chinese
H.M. Lai

Copts
Raef Marcus

Cornish
John Rowe

Cossacks
Paul Robert Magocsi

Creole
Richard A. Long

Croats

Cubans
Lisandro Pérez

Czechs
Karen Johnson Freeze

Danes
Dorothy Burton Skårdal

Dominicans
Glenn L. Hendricks

Dutch
Robert P. Swierenga

East Indians
Joan M. Jensen

Eastern Catholics
Paul Robert Magocsi

Eastern Orthodox
Thomas E. Bird

English
Charlotte J. Erickson

Eskimos
Arthur E. Hippler

Estonians
Tonü Parming

Ethnic Heritage Studies Program

Filipinos
H. Brett Melendy

Finns
A. William Hoglund

Foreign Stock

French
Patrice Louis René Higonnet

French Canadians
Elliott Robert Barkan

Frisians

Gentile

Georgians
Nathela Chatara

Germans
Kathleen Neils Conzen

Germans from Russia
La Vern J. Rippley

Greeks
Theodore Saloutos

Gypsies
Ian F. Hancock

Haitians
Michel S. Laguerre

Hawaiians
Alan Howard

Hispanic

Hungarians
Paula Benkart

Hutterites
John A. Hostetler

Icelanders
Valdimar Björnson

Indochinese
Mary Bowen Wright

Indonesians

Iranians
John H. Lorentz and John T. Wertime

Irish
Patrick J. Blessing

Italians
Humbert S. Nelli

Japanese
Harry H.L. Kitano

Jews
Arthur A. Goren

Kalmyks
Arash Bormanshinov

Koreans
Hyung-chan Kim

Kurds
Margaret Kahn

Latvians
Edgar Anderson

Lithuanians
Arunas Alisauskas (need accents)

Luxembourgers
Paul Robert Magocsi

Macedonians

Maltese

Manx
Ann Orlov

Mexicans
Carlos E. Cortés

Mormons
Dean L. May

Mother Tongue

Muslims
Thomas Philipp

Nordic

North Caucasians
Alexandre Bennigsen

Norwegians
Peter A. Munch

Oriental

Oriental Orthodox
Thomas E. Bird

Orthodox
Thomas E. Bird

Pacific Islanders
Bradd Shore

Pakistanis
Arif Ghayur

Pennsylvania Germans

Poles
Victor Greene

Portuguese
Francis M. Rogers

Puerto Ricans
Joseph P. Fitzpatrick

Race

Romanians
Gerald J. Bobango

Russians
Paul Robert Magocsi

Scotch-Irish
Maldwyn A. Jones

Scots
Gordon Donaldson

Serbs
Michael B. Petrovich and Joel Halpern

Slovaks
M. Mark Stolarik

Slovenes
Rudolph M. Susel

South Africans
Stanley Moss

Southerners
John Shelton Reed

Spaniards

Spanish
Frances Leon Quintana

Spanish-Surname

Swedes
Ulf Beijbom

Swiss
Leo Schelbert

Tatars
Alexandre Bennigsen

Teutonic

Thai

Tri-Racial Isolates

Turkestanis
Alexandre Bennigsen

Turks
Talat Sait Halman

Ukrainians
Paul Robert Magocsi

Welsh
Rowland Berthoff

Wends
George R. Nielsen

West Indians
Reed Ueda

Yankees
Oscar Handlin

Zoroastrians
Eden Naby

Thematic Essays

American Identity and Americanization
Philip Gleason

American Indiand, Federal Policy Toward
Edward H. Spicer

Assimilation and Pluralism
Harold J. Abramson

Concepts of Ethnicity
William Peterson

Education
Michael Olneck and Marvin Lazerson

Family Patterns
Tamara K. Hareven and John Modell

Folklore
Roger D. Abrahams

Health Beliefs and Practices
Noel J. Chrisman and Arthur Kleinman

Immigration: Economic and Social Characteristics
Richard A. Easterlin

Immigration: History of U.S. Policy
William S. Bernard

Immigration: Settlement Patterns and Spatial Distribution
David Ward

Intermarriage
David M. Heer

Labor
David Brody

Language: Issues and Legislation
Abigail M. Thernstrom

Language Maintenance
Joshua A. Fishman

Leadership
John Higham

Literature and Ethnicity
Werner Sollors

Loyalties: Dual and Divided
Mona Harrington

Methods of Estimating the Size of Groups
Charles A. Price

Naturalization and Citizenship
Reed Ueda

Pluralism: A Humanistic Perspective
Michael Novak

Pluralism: A Political Perspective

Politics
Edward R. Kantowicz

Prejudice
Thomas F. Pettigrew

Prejudice and Discriminatino, History of
George M. Fredrickson and Dale T. Knobel

Prejudice and Discrimination, Policy Against
Nathan Glazer and Reed Ueda

Religion
Harold J. Abramson

Resources and Research Centers
Edward Kasinec

Survey Research
James D. Wright, Peter H. Rossi, and Thomas F. Juravich

Maps

Tables

Appendix I

Appendix II

Stephan Thernstrom is Professor of History, Harvard University, and Director of the Charles Warren Center for Studies in American History.

Ann Orlov is a freelance writer and consultant. From 1968 to 1975 she was Editor for the Behavioral Sciences at Harvard University Press.

Oscar Handlin, a Pulitzer Prize-winning historian, is Carl M. Loeb University Professor, Emeritus, Harvard University. He is the editor of This Was America.

Read More by Stephan Thernstrom:

• Glimpses of the Harvard Past
• Poverty and Progress: Social Mobility in a Nineteenth Century City

Read More by Oscar Handlin:

• From the Outer World
• Commonwealth: A Study of the Role of Government in the American Economy: Massachusetts, 1774-1861
• Truth in History
• Glimpses of the Harvard Past
• Boston's Immigrants, 1790-1880: A Study in Acculturation, Enlarged Edition
• The Dimensions of Liberty
• The Newcomers: Negroes and Puerto Ricans in a Changing Metropolis
• This Was America: True Accounts of People and Places
• The Popular Sources of Political Authority: Documents on the Massachusetts Constitution of 1780
• American Jewish Ephemera: A Bicentennial Exhibition from the Judaica Collection of the Harvard College Library