The Given and the Made

Strategies of Poetic Redefinition

Helen Vendler

  • Winner of the 1996 Truman Capote Award for Literary Criticism in Memory of Newton Arvin

Acknowledgments

Introduction

Robert Lowell and History

John Berryman: Freudian Cartoons

Rita Dove: Identity Markers

Jorie Graham: The Nameless and the Material

Notes

  • Cover: The Given and the Made
  • A photo of the author

Photo of Helen Vendler: Mary Lee

Helen Vendler is A. Kingsley Porter University Professor at Harvard University.