- List of Charts and Maps
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- I. Conquest Dynasties and the Northern Song, 900–1127
- 1. The Five Dynasties
- i. Later Imperial China’s Place in History
- ii. The Course of Five Dynasties History
- iii. The Eastward Shift of the Political Center
- iv. Simultaneous Developments in the Ten States
- v. China and Inner Asia in Geographic and Historical Perspective
- 2. Abaoji
- i. The Khitans and Their Neighbors
- ii. Ethnic Diversity and Language Community
- iii. The Lessons of History
- iv. The New Leader Emerges
- v. The Significance of Khitan Acculturation
- vi. Abaoji Receives Yao Kun, Envoy of the Later Tang Dynasty
- 3. Building the Liao Empire
- i. Succession Issues after Abaoji
- ii. The Meaning of the Early Liao Succession Crises
- iii. The Khitans’ Inner Asian Tribal Empire
- iv. Liao-Korean Relations
- v. Expansion into North China
- vi. Liao-Song Relations
- 4. Liao Civilization
- i. Multicultural Adaptations
- ii. Khitan Society
- iii. Patterns of Acculturation
- iv. Buddhism in Khitan Life
- v. Interpretations of Liao Success
- 5. Creating the Song Dynasty
- i. The Vigor of the Later Zhou and the Founding of the Song
- ii. On Being the Emperor in Tenth-Century China
- iii. Governing China
- iv. The Military Problem
- 6. The World of Ideas in Northern Song China
- i. The Man of the Age: Ouyang Xiu
- ii. The Course of a Song Dynasty Official Career
- iii. The Civil Service Examination System
- iv. The Social Impact of the Song Examination System
- v. Political Reform and Political Thought
- vi. Neo-Confucian Philosophical Thought
- 7. Dimensions of Northern Song Life
- i. High Culture
- ii. The Example of Su Shi
- iii. The New Elite and Song High Culture
- iv. Religion in Song Life
- v. Song Society
- 8. Origins of the Xi Xia State
- i. The Tangut People: Names and Ethnic Identities
- ii. Early History of the Tangut Tribal People
- iii. The Tanguts Come into the Song Orbit
- iv. Yuanhao Proclaims the Xia Dynasty
- v. The Xi Xia as an Imperial Dynasty
- 1. The Five Dynasties
- II. Conquest Dynasties and the Southern Song, 1127–1279
- 9. The “Wild Jurchens” Erupt into History
- i. Aguda’s Challenge
- ii. The End of the Liao Dynasty
- iii. The Northern Song Falls to the Jurchens
- iv. Who Were These Jurchens?
- v. Explaining the Jurchens’ Success
- 10. The Jurchen State and Its Cultural Policy
- i. The Conquerors Turn to Governing
- ii. The Period of Dual Institutions, 1115–1135
- iii. The Era of Centralization, 1135–1161
- iv. The Period of Nativist Reaction, 1161–1208
- v. The End of the Jin Dynasty, 1208–1234
- 11. The Later Xi Xia State
- i. Xi Xia in the Era of the Jin Dynasty, 1115–1227
- ii. The Crisis of the “Partition of the State”
- iii. The Destruction of the Xi Xia State
- iv. The Tangut Achievement
- v. Xia Buddhism
- 12. Trends of Change under Jin Alien Rule
- i. Divisions: North and South, Chinese and Non-Chinese
- ii. Jurchen Dominance
- iii. The Impact of the Civil Service Examinations
- iv. High Culture during the Jin Dynasty
- v. Economic Life under the Jin
- 13. The Southern Song and Chinese Survival
- i. A Fleeing Prince—A New Emperor
- ii. War versus Peace
- iii. Patterns of High Politics after the Treaty of 1141
- 14. Chinese Civilization and the Song Achievement
- i. New Social Factors
- ii. Elite Lives and Song High Culture
- iii. Confucian Thinkers
- iv. Other Kinds of Elite Lives
- v. Some Generalizations about the Song Elite
- 15. Southern Song Life—A Broader View
- i. Calculating Song China’s Population
- ii. Governing at the Local Level
- iii. Paying for Government
- iv. Status in the Chinese Population
- v. Urban and Rural
- vi. Families, Women, and Children
- vii. A Poet’s Observations
- 16. A Mid-Thirteenth-Century Overview
- i. The Heritage of the Liao, Xi Xia, and Jin Periods
- ii. The System of Ritualized Interstate Relations
- iii. The Growing Scope of International Trade
- iv. Cultural Interaction
- 9. The “Wild Jurchens” Erupt into History
- III. China and the Mongol World
- 17. The Career of the Great Khan Chinggis
- i. Backgrounds of Mongol History
- ii. The Ethnic Geography of Inner Asia in the Late Twelfth Century
- iii. Mongol Nomadic Economy and Social Life
- iv. The Mongols Emerge into History
- v. The Youth of Temüjin
- vi. Chinggis Khan as Nation Builder
- 18. Forging the Mongol World Empire, 1206–1260
- i. The Nearer Horizons of Empire, 1206–1217
- ii. The First Campaign to the West, 1218–1225
- iii. Chinggis Khan, the Man
- iv. The Second Campaign to the West, 1236–1241
- v. Mongol Adaptations to China under Chinggis and Ögödei
- vi. Möngke Khan and the Third Campaign to the West
- vii. Relations among the Four Khanates
- 19. Khubilai Khan Becomes Emperor of China
- i. The Early Life of Khubilai
- ii. Khubilai and His Chinese Advisers before 1260
- iii. Möngke’s Field General in China
- iv. Maneuvering to Become the Great Khan
- v. The Great Khan Khubilai Becomes Emperor of China
- vi. The Conquest of the Southern Song, 1267–1279
- vii. The War against Khaidu
- viii. Khubilai’s Later Years
- ix. Khubilai Khan’s Successors, 1294–1370
- 20. China under Mongol Rule
- i. Yuan Government
- ii. Managing Society and Staffing the Government
- iii. Religions
- iv. China’s People under Mongol Rule
- v. The Yuan Cultural Achievement
- 17. The Career of the Great Khan Chinggis
- IV. The Restoration of Native Rule under the Ming, 1368–1644
- 21. From Chaos toward a New Chinese Order
- i. Disintegration
- ii. Competitors for Power Emerge
- iii. Rival Contenders, 1351–1368
- iv. Zhu Yuanzhang, Boy to Young Man
- 22. Zhu Yuanzhang Builds His Ming Dynasty
- i. Learning to Be an Emperor
- ii. Setting the Pattern of His Dynasty
- iii. Constructing a Capital and a Government
- iv. The Enigma of Zhu Yuanzhang
- 23. Civil War and Usurpation, 1399–1402
- i. The New Era
- ii. The Thought of Fang Xiaoru: What Might Have Been
- iii. From Prince to Emperor
- 24. The “Second Founding” of the Ming Dynasty
- i. Ming Chengzu’s Imprint on Ming Governing
- ii. The Eunuch Establishment and the Imperial Bodyguard
- iii. Defending Throne and State
- iv. Securing China’s Place in the Asian World
- v. The New Capital
- 25. Ming China in the Fifteenth Century
- i. Successors to the Yongle Emperor
- ii. The Mechanics of Government
- iii. The Grand Canal in Ming Times
- 26. The Changing World of the Sixteenth Century
- i. Emperor Wuzong, 1505–1521
- ii. Emperor Shizong’s Accession
- iii. The Rites Controversy
- iv. Emperor Shizong and Daoism
- v. The Emperor Shizong and His Officials
- vi. Wang Yangming and Sixteenth-Century Confucian Thought
- 27. Ming China’s Borders
- i. Border Zones, Zones of Interaction
- ii. Tension and Peril on the Northern Borders
- iii. Tibet and the Western Borders
- iv. The “Soft Border” of the Chinese South
- v. The Maritime Borders of Eastern China
- 28. Late Ming Political Decline, 1567–1627
- i. The Brief Reign of Emperor Muzong, 1567–1572
- ii. Zhang Juzheng’s Leadership and the Wanli Reign
- iii. The Wanli Emperor’s Successors
- 29. The Lively Society of the Late Ming
- i. The Population of Ming China
- ii. The Organization of Rural Society
- iii. Ming Cities, Towns, and Urban People: The Question of Capitalism
- iv. Late Ming Elite Culture
- 30. The Course of Ming Failure
- i. Launching the Chongzhen Reign: Random Inadequacies, Persistent Hopes
- ii. The Manchu Invaders
- iii. The “Roving Bandits”
- iv. Beijing, Spring 1644
- 21. From Chaos toward a New Chinese Order
- V. China and the World in Early Qing Times
- 31. Alien Rule Returns
- i. Beijing: The City Ravaged
- ii. The Drama at Shanhai Guan, April–May 1644
- iii. Beijing Becomes the New Qing Capital
- iv. The Shunzhi Emperor, 1644–1662
- v. The Southern Ming Challenge to Qing Hegemony, 1644–1662
- vi. The Manchu Offensive
- vii. The Longwu Regime: Fuzhou, July 1645–October 1646
- viii. Ming Loyalist Activity after 1646
- 32. The Kangxi Emperor: Coming of Age
- i. Difficult Beginnings
- ii. Rebellion, 1673–1681
- iii. The Conquest of Taiwan
- iv. Ming Loyalism and Intellectual Currents in the Early Qing
- 33. The Kangxi Reign: The Emperor and His Empire
- i. Banner Lands and the Manchu Migration into China
- ii. Recruitment and the Examination System
- iii. The Mongols on the Northern Borders
- iv. Manchu/Qing Power and the Problem of Tibet
- v. Court Factions
- vi. The Succession Crisis
- 34. The Yongzheng Emperor as Man and Ruler
- i. Imperial Style, Political Substance
- ii. Changing the Machinery of Government
- iii. Other Governing Measures
- iv. Military Campaigns and Border Policies
- v. Population Growth and Social Conditions
- vi. Taxation and the Yongzheng Reforms
- 35. Splendor and Degeneration, 1736–1799
- i. Changing Assessments
- ii. Hongli
- iii. Political Measures
- iv. Cultural Control Measures
- v. A Late Flowering of Thought and Learning
- vi. The Qianlong Emperor’s Military Campaigns
- vii. China in the Eighteenth Century
- 36. China’s Legacy in a Changing World
- i. The Background of China’s International Relations
- ii. Mutual Recognition
- iii. Economic Interactions
- iv. Broadened Horizons of Religion, Philosophy, and Practical Knowledge
- v. Diplomatic and Military Threats
- vi. An Old Civilization in a New World
- 31. Alien Rule Returns
- Appendix: Conversion Table, Pinyin to Wade-Giles
- Notes
- Bibliography
- Index
Imperial China, 900–1800
Product Details
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$38.00 • £33.95 • €34.95
ISBN 9780674012127
Publication Date: 11/15/2003
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