Cover: Genes in Conflict: The Biology of Selfish Genetic Elements, from Harvard University PressCover: Genes in Conflict in PAPERBACK

Genes in Conflict

The Biology of Selfish Genetic Elements

Product Details

PAPERBACK

$34.50 • £30.95 • €31.95

ISBN 9780674027220

Publication Date: 03/15/2008

Short

632 pages

6-3/8 x 9-1/4 inches

13 color illustrations, 3 halftones, 88 line illustrations, 34 tables

Belknap Press

World

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Related Subjects

  • Preface
  • 1. Selfish Genetic Elements
    • Genetic Cooperation and Conflict
    • Three Ways to Achieve “Drive”
    • Within-Individual Kinship Conflicts
    • Rates of Spread
    • Effects on the Host Population
    • The Study of Selfish Genetic Elements
    • Design of This Book
  • 2. Autosomal Killers
    • The t Haplotype
      • Discovery
      • Structure of the t Haplotype
      • History and Distribution
      • Genetics of Drive
      • Importance of Mating System and Gamete Competition
      • Fate of Resistant Alleles
      • Selection for Inversions
      • Recessive Lethals in t Complexes
      • Enhancers and Suppressors
      • t and the Major Histocompatability Complex
      • Heterozygous (+/t) Fitness Effects: Sex Antagonistic?
      • Accounting for t Frequencies in Nature
    • Other Gamete Killers
      • Segregation Distorter in Drosophila
      • Spore Killers in Fungi
      • Incidence of Gamete Killers
    • Maternal-Effect Killers
      • Medea in Flour Beetles
      • HSR, scat+, and OmDDK in Mice
      • The Evolution of Maternal-Effect Killers
      • Gestational Drive?
    • Gametophyte Factors in Plants
  • 3. Selfish Sex Chromosomes
    • Sex Chromosome Drive in the Diptera
      • Killer X Chromosomes
      • Killer Y Chromosomes
      • Taxonomic Distribution of Killer Sex Chromosomes
      • Evolutionary Cycles of Sex Determination
    • Feminizing X (and Y) Chromosomes in Rodents
      • The Varying Lemming
      • The Wood Lemming
      • Other Murids
    • Other Conflicts: Sex Ratios and Mate Choice
  • 4. Genomic Imprinting
    • Imprinting and Parental Investment in Mammals
      • Igf2 and Igf2r: Oppositely Imprinted, Oppositely Acting Growth Factors in Mice
      • Growth Effects of Imprinted Genes in Mice and Humans
    • Evolution of the Imprinting Apparatus
      • The Mechanisms of Imprinting Involve Methylation and Are Complex
      • Conflict between Different Components of the Imprinting Machinery
      • History of Conflict Reflected in the Imprinting Apparatus
      • Evolutionary Turnover of the Imprinting Apparatus
      • Intralocus Interactions, Polar Overdominance, and Paramutation
      • Transmission Ratio Distortion at Imprinted Loci
      • Biparental Imprinting and Other Possibilities
    • Other Traits: Social Interactions after the Period of Parental Investment
      • Maternal Behavior in Mice
      • Inbreeding and Dispersal
      • Kin Recognition
      • Functional Interpretation of Tissue Effects in Chimeric Mice
      • Deceit and Selves-Deception
    • Imprinting and the Sex Chromosomes
    • Genomic Imprinting in Other Taxa
      • Flowering Plants
      • Other Taxa Predicted To Have Imprinting
  • 5. Selfish Mitochondrial DNA
    • Mitochondrial Genomics: A Primer
    • Mitochondrial Selection within the Individual
      • “Petite” Mutations in Yeast
      • Within-Individual Selection and the Evolution of Uniparental Inheritance
      • Within-Individual Selection under Uniparental Inheritance
      • DUI: Mother-to-Daughter and Father-to-Son mtDNA Inheritance in Mussels
    • Cytoplasmic Male Sterility
      • Uniparental Inheritance Implies Unisexual Selection
      • Disproportionate Role of mtDNA in Plant Male Sterility
      • Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Action and Nuclear Reaction
      • CMS and Restorers in Natural Populations
      • CMS, Masculinization, and the Evolution of Separate Sexes
      • Pollen Limitation, Frequency Dependence, and Local Extinction
      • Resource Reallocation versus Inbreeding Avoidance
      • Importance of Mutational Variation
      • CMS and Paternal Transmission
    • Other Traces of Mito-Nuclear Conflict
      • Mitochondria and Apoptosis
      • Mitochondria and Germ Cell Determination
      • Mitochondria and RNA Editing
  • 6. Gene Conversion and Homing
    • Biased Gene Conversion
      • Molecular Mechanisms
      • Effective Selection Coefficients due to BGC in Fungi
      • BGC and Genome Evolution
      • BGC and Evolution of the Meiotic Machinery
    • Homing and Retrohoming
      • How HEGs Home
      • HEGs Usually Associated with Self-Splicing Introns or Inteins
      • HEGs and Host Mating System
      • Evolutionary Cycle of Horizontal Transmission, Degeneration, and Loss
      • HEG Domestication and Mating-Type Switching in Yeast
      • Group II Introns
    • Artificial HEGs as Tools for Population Genetic Engineering
      • The Basic Construct
      • Increasing the Load
      • Preventing Natural Resistance and Horizontal Transmission
      • Population Genetic Engineering
      • Other Uses
  • 7. Transposable Elements
    • Molecular Structure and Mechanisms
      • DNA Transposons
      • LINEs and SINEs
      • LTR Retroelements
    • Population Biology and Natural Selection
      • Transposition Rates Low but Greater than Excision Rates
      • Natural Selection on the Host Slows the Spread of Transposable Elements
      • Rapid Spread of P Elements in D. melanogaster
      • Net Reproductive Rate a Function of Transposition Rate and Effect on Host Fitness
      • Reducing Harm to the Host
      • Transposition Rate and Copy Number “Regulation”
      • Selection for Self-Recognition
      • Defective and Repressor Elements
      • Extinction of Active Elements in Host Species
      • Horizontal Transmission and Long-Term Persistence
      • Transposable Elements in Inbred and Outcrossed Populations
      • Beneficial Inserts
      • Rates of Fixation
    • Transposable Elements and Host Evolution
      • Transposable Elements and Chromosomal Rearrangements
      • Transposable Elements and Genome Size
      • Co-Option of Transposable Element Functions and Host Defenses
      • Transposable Elements as Parasites, Not Host Adaptations or Mutualists
    • Origins
      • Ancient, Chimeric, and Polyphyletic Origins
  • 8. Female Drive
    • Selfish Centromeres and Female Meiosis
      • Abnormal Chromosome 10 of Maize
      • Other Knobs in Maize
      • Deleterious Effects of Knobs in Maize
      • Knobs, Supernumerary Segments, and Neocentromeres in Other Species
      • Meiosis-Specific Centromeres and Holocentric Chromosomes
      • Selfish Centromeres and Meiosis I
      • The Importance of Centromere Number: Robertsonian Translocations in Mammals
      • Sperm-Dependent Female Drive?
    • Female Drive and Karyotype Evolution
    • Polar Bodies Rejoining the Germline
  • 9. B Chromosomes
    • Drive
      • Types of Drive
      • Genetics of A and B Factors Affecting B Drive
      • Transmission Rates in Well-Studied Species
      • Absence of Drive
      • Degree of Outcrossing and Drive
    • Effects on the Phenotype
      • Effects on Genome Size, Cell Size, and Cell Cycle
      • Effects on the External Phenotype
      • Disappearance from Somatic Tissue
      • B Number and the Odd-Even Effect
      • Negative Effects of Bs More Pronounced under Harsher Conditions
      • Is the Sex of Drive Associated with the Sex of Phenotypic Effect?
      • B Effects on Recombination Among the As
      • Pairing of A Chromosomes in Hybrids
    • Neutral and Beneficial Bs
      • Beneficial B Chromosomes
      • B Chromosomes in Eyprepocnemis plorans: A Case of Continuous Neutralization?
    • Structure and Content
      • Size
      • Polymorphism
      • Heterochromatin
      • Genes
      • Tandem Repeats
    • The Origin of Bs
    • A Factors Associated with B Presence
      • Genome Size
      • Chromosome Number
      • Ploidy
      • Shape of A Chromosomes
    • Bs and the Sex Ratio
      • Paternal Sex Ratio (PSR) in Nasonia
      • X–B Associations in Orthoptera
      • Has the Drosophila Y Evolved from a B?
      • Other Effects of Bs on the Sex Ratio
      • Male Sterility in Plantago
  • 10. Genomic Exclusion
    • Paternal Genome Loss in Males, or Parahaplodiploidy
      • PGL in Mites
      • PGL in Scale Insects
      • PGL in the Coffee Borer Beetle
      • PGL in Springtails?
      • Evolution of PGL
      • PGL and Haplodiploidy
    • Sciarid Chromosome System
      • Notable Features of the Sciarid System
      • An Evolutionary Hypothesis
      • Mechanisms
      • PGL in Gall Midges
    • Hybridogenesis, or Hemiclonal Reproduction
      • The Topminnow Poeciliopsis
      • The Water Frog Rana esculenta
      • The Stick Insect Bacillus rossius-grandii
      • Evolution of Hybridogenesis
    • Androgenesis, or Maternal Genome Loss
      • The Conifer Cupressus dupreziana
      • The Clam Corbicula
      • The Stick Insect Bacillus rossius-grandii
  • 11. Selfish Cell Lineages
    • Mosaics
      • Somatic Cell Lineage Selection: Cancer and the Adaptive Immune System
      • Cell Lineage Selection in the Germline
      • Evolution of the Germline
      • Selfish Genes and Germline-Limited DNA
    • Chimeras
      • Taxonomic Survey of Chimerism
      • Somatic Chimerism and Polar Bodies
  • 12. Summary and Future Directions
    • Logic of Selfish Genetic Elements
    • Molecular Genetics
    • Selfish Genes and Sex
    • Fate of a Selfish Gene within a Species
    • Movement between Species
    • Distribution among Species
    • Role in Host Evolution
    • The Hidden World of Selfish Genetic Elements
  • References
  • Glossary
  • Index

Awards & Accolades

  • Robert Trivers Is Winner of the 2007 Crafoord Prize in Biosciences

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