HARVARD EAST ASIAN MONOGRAPHS


Harvard East Asian Monographs 163
Breaking Barriers
Travel and the State in Early Modern Japan
- Lists of Figures, Maps, and Tables*
- Preface
- Introduction
- 1. The Arms and Legs of the Realm
- Growth and Expansion of the Tokugawa System
- The Road Infrastructure
- Maintenance and General Road Conditions
- Bridges and River Crossings
- 2. The Social Organization of the Gokaidō Network
- Sukegō Taxation
- The Nature of the Sukegō Levy
- Economic Problems of the Post Stations
- Contention and Confrontation
- 3. A Curious Institution
- Sekisho before the Institutionalization of Alternate Attendance
- The Strategic Role of Sekisho
- Military and Police Functions
- Guard Force and Back-up Mechanisms
- Sekisho Regulations and Policy
- Maintaining Civil Peace
- Domain Barriers
- 4. Permits and Passages
- Applying for a Travel Permit
- Types and Methods
- Who Needed a Travel Permit?
- Women and Travel Permits
- Passing through the Barriers
- 5. The Benevolence of the Realm
- Flexibility with Defective Permits
- Entering the Brush
- Short-cuts and Cross-Dressing
- Graft and the Purchase of Permits
- Attempts to Regulate Pilgrimage
- 6. Travel as Recreation
- The Development of a Travel Industry
- The Secularization of Pilgrimage
- The Major Pilgrimage Sites
- Social Participants
- Conclusion
- Appendices
- Notes
- List of Works Cited
- Index
- * Figures, Maps, and Tables
- Figures
- Kiso Fukushima Sekisho
- 1. The Tōkaidō Near Kanagawa
- 2. Travelers Being Carried across the Seto River at Fujieda
- 3. View of the Yahagi Bridge at Okazaki
- 4. Diagram of Hakone Sekisho
- 5. Passing through Hakone Sekisho
- 6. Travelers’ Permits Inspected at Arai
- 7. Young Boy Being Examined at Arai
- 8. A Full-service Inn at Ishibe
- 9. Tour Guide at Seta Pointing Out Scene Captured in Travel Book
- 10. Woman Keeping a Travel Diary at Arai
- 11. Group of Country Bumpkins Sightseeing in Edo
- Maps
- 1. Gokaidō Network and Other Major Roads
- 2. The Sekisho Network
- 3. The Honzaka and Akiha Roads
- 4. The Major Pilgrimage Circuits
- Tables
- 1. Gokaidō Statistics
- 2. Percentage of Porters and Horses Performing Free Transport Service
- 3. Number of Porters and Horses Used for Official Transport at Oiwake
- 4. Transport Costs (in mon) at Odai Station
- 5. Hakone and Its Branch Sekisho Guard Forces (1688)
- 6. Sekisho Arsenals
- 7. Issuers of Women’s Permits for Passage through Bakufu Sekisho
- 8. Travel Permit Requirements for Hakone (1705)