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- I. Introduction
- II. The Concept of Purpose
- Definition of Purpose
- Mechanistic Explanation
- Teleological Explanation
- Strict and Empirical Reduction
- McDougall’s Attack on Reductionism
- III. Behaviorist Interpretations of Purpose
- Watson’s Formulation of Behaviorism
- Perry and Holt: The Irreducibility of Purpose
- Tolman’s Purposive Behaviorism
- Later Behaviorists: Hull, Spence, Skinner, and Mowrer
- Behaviorism and Empirical Reduction
- IV. Purpose, Reductionism, and Cybernetics
- Antireductionism in Third Force Psychology
- The Reducibility of Cybernetic Explanations
- Programs and Teleological Explanation
- Psychological Predicates and Machines
- Reductionism and Computer Simulation
- The Reduction of Psychology to Physiology
- V. Purpose, Instincts, and Natural Goals
- Hedonistic Psychology
- The Explanatory Role of Instinct
- The Identification of Instincts
- Instincts, Ethology, and Behavioral Genetics
- Instincts and Plans
- VI. Sentiments and Simulation
- The Formation of Sentiments
- Emotions, Temper, Temperament, and Tastes
- Outlines of a Simulation of McDougall’s Personality Theory
- VII. Purpose and Self
- The Sentiment of Self-Regard
- The Dissociation of Personality
- Dissociation and Conscious Unity
- VIII. Purpose, Consciousness, and Intensionality
- Cause, Contingency, and Consciousness
- Conation and Causation
- The Cognitive Guidance of Behavior
- Models and Mechanisms
- Intensionality in Behavior and Consciousness
- IX. Purpose and Mind
- The Distinction Between Mind and Body
- Self, Individuality, and Freedom
- Subjectivity and Conscious Purposes
- How the Mind Determines the Body
- Bibliography
- Notes
- Index
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