- 1. Introduction and Doctrinal Background
- Enter “exit” and “voice”
- Latitude for deterioration, and slack in economic thought
- Exit and voice as impersonations of economics and politics
- 2. Exit
- How the exit option works
- Competition as collusive behavior
- 3. Voice
- Voice as a residual of exit
- Voice as an alternative to exit
- 4. A Special Difficulty in Combining Exit and Voice
- 5. How Monopoly Can Be Comforted by Competition
- 6. On Spatial Duopoly and the Dynamics of Two-Party Systems
- 7. A Theory of Loyalty
- The activation of voice as a function of loyalty
- Loyalist behavior as modified by severe initiation and high penalties for exit
- Loyalty and the difficult exit from public goods (and evils)
- 8. Exit and Voice in American Ideology and Practice
- 9. The Elusive Optimal Mix of Exit and Voice
- Appendixes
- A. A simple diagrammatic representation of voice and exit
- B. The choice between voice and exit
- C. The reversal phenomenon
- D. Consumer reactions to price rise and quality decline in the case of several connoisseur goods
- E. The effects of severity of initiation on activism: design for an experiment (in collaboration with Philip G. Zimbardo and Mark Snyder)
- Index
Exit, Voice, and Loyalty
Responses to Decline in Firms, Organizations, and States
Product Details
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$30.00 • £26.95 • €27.95
ISBN 9780674276604
Publication Date: 02/01/1972
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