- Acknowledgements
- List of Illustrations and Maps*
- Introduction
- 1. The Early Years of Hadrian
- 2. The Late Reign and the Succession
- 3. Peace and War at Mid-Century
- 4. The Last of the Antonines
- 5. Septimius Severus and His Rivals
- 6. The Reign of Severus
- 7. The Later Severans
- 8. Eurasian History and the Roman Empire
- 9. From Gordian III to Valerian
- 10. Valerian and the Generals
- 11. The Last of the Soldier Emperors
- 12. Diocletian, Constantine and the Creation of the Later Roman Empire
- 13. The Failure of the Tetrarchy
- 14. Constantine and Licinius
- 15. The Structure of Empire Before and After Constantine
- 16. The Constantinian Empire
- 17. The Children of Constantine
- 18. Constantius, Julian and the Empire to Come
- The Roman Emperors from Augustus to Julian
- Persian Kings from Ardashir to Shapur II
- Further Reading
- Bibliography
- Index
- * Illustrations and Maps
- Illustrations
- 1. Hadrian’s Wall
- 2. Ribchester Helmet
- 3. Ludovisi Battle Sarcophagus
- 4. A Sarmatian Horseman
- 5. Library of Celsus
- 6. Theatre of Leptis Magna
- 7. Roman Military Diploma
- 8. Herodes Atticus
- 9. Mithras
- 10. A Parthian Noble
- 11. Fulvius Plautianus
- 12. Septimius Severus
- 13. The Severan Tondo
- 14. The Licinius Cameo
- 15. Maximinus
- 16. Pupienus coin
- 17. Balbinus coin
- 18. A Roman Tunic
- 19. Lamp in the shape of a Nubian
- 20. Kushan Fresco
- 21. Kushan (Gandharan) Buddha
- 22. Palace of Ardashir at Firuzabad
- 23. Victory of Shapur, Naqsh-e Rustam
- 24. The Aurelian Wall of Rome
- 25. Deeds of the Priest Kardir, Naqsh-e Rajab
- 26. Maximian
- 27. Edict on Maximum Prices
- 28. Fausta
- 29. The Tetrarchs
- 30. Shapur II Hunting Boar
- 31. Sasanian Royal Bust
- 32. Constantius II
- 33. Julian
- 34. Porphyry Sarcophagus of Helena
- 35. The Judgement of Paris (detail) from the Atrium House, Antioch
- Maps
- Map 1. The Eurasian World
- Map 2. The Roman Empire under Hadrian
- Map 3. The Roman Empire under the Antonines
- Map 4. The Severan Empire
- Map 5. The New Empire of Diocletian
- Map 6. The Parthian Empire
- Map 7. The Sasanian Empire
- Map 8. Asia Minor
- Map 9. North Africa
- Map 10. Mesopotamia, Syria and Palestine
- Map 11. Egypt and Cyrene
- Map 12. The Danubian Provinces
- Map 13. Italy
- Map 14. Gaul and Spain
- Illustrations
Dumbarton Oaks Medieval Library
I Tatti Renaissance Library
Loeb Classical Library
Murty Classical Library of India