- List of Maps and Illustrations*
- Note on Transliteration
- Introduction
- 1. People and Place in Chinese Turkistan
- 2. The Making of a Colonial Frontier
- 3. Imperial and Islamic Reform between Turkistan and Turkey
- 4. The End of Empire and the Racial Turn
- 5. Rebellion, Revolution, and Civil War
- 6. From Party to Nation
- 7. Between the Chinese Revolution and the Stalin Revolution
- 8. The Battle for Xinjiang and the Uyghur Nation
- Conclusion
- Notes
- Select Bibliography
- Acknowledgments
- Index
- * Maps and Illustrations
- Maps
- Eurasia in the late nineteenth century
- The Russia–China frontier, ca. 1900
- Soviet Central Asia and Xinjiang in the late 1920s
- Illustrations
- A prince (taiji beg) of Hami, 1890
- Caravanserai on the Osh-Kashgar road, 1915
- A view of Ghulja, 1880
- The ruins of Zharkent, 1880
- Bazaar in Andijan, late nineteenth century
- The Vali Bay mosque in Zharkent, 1911
- Muslim dignitaries in Semireche, 1899
- The Xinjiang Provincial Consultative Bureau, Ürümchi, 1910
- The New Army in Huiyuan (Xincheng), 1910
- Bahauddin Musabayev, Ghulja, 1910
- Abdullah Rozibaqiev and family
- Qadir Haji Hashim Hajiev, Moscow, 1926
- May Day rally of the Ploughman (Qoshchi) Union, Zharkent, 1927
- Li Rong, Xu Lian, Sheng Shicai, and Chen Deli, Ürümchi, 1935
- Khoja Niyaz Haji, Ürümchi, 1935
- Maps
Dumbarton Oaks Medieval Library
I Tatti Renaissance Library
Loeb Classical Library
Murty Classical Library of India